Does Stealing Make You a Kleptomaniac? Understanding Kleptomania

In short, no, stealing doesn’t make you a kleptomaniac. Read on to learn more about this mental health condition marked by the inability to resist stealing.

The word “kleptomaniac” is often used colloquially to describe people who frequently steal, often without necessity or clear motivation. However, in clinical terms, kleptomania is a recognized impulse control disorder marked by a recurrent inability to resist the powerful urge to steal items, typically of little value or personal use. People with kleptomania often experience guilt and distress after stealing but struggle to resist the compulsion. 

Read on to learn more about the mental health conditions associated with impulsive behavior and compulsive stealing, and learn how talking with someone in a therapy session can help treat kleptomania.

What is kleptomania? 

As mentioned, kleptomania is characterized by a recurrent and irresistible urge to steal items, often without regard for their value. Unlike shoplifters who steal for financial reasons, kleptomaniacs do not steal out of need or premeditation. Instead, they experience intense tension before stealing, followed by temporary relief or gratification after the act. However, these feelings are often replaced by guilt, shame, and anxiety once the impulse passes.

Kleptomania is often linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and other impulse control disorders, highlighting its psychological and neurological underpinnings. Individuals with this mental health condition may steal from stores, friends, or even their own workplaces, often struggling with the emotional and social consequences of their actions.

What are common symptoms and signs of kleptomania?

People with kleptomania often exhibit the following symptoms:

• A repeated irresistible urge to steal items they do not need
• Intense emotional buildup before stealing, followed by temporary relief
• Feelings of guilt and remorse after theft
• Stealing impulsively, without planning or seeking financial gain
• Inability to resist the powerful urge despite negative consequences

These behaviors can significantly impact a person’s daily life, leading to legal trouble, strained relationships, and emotional distress.

Causes and risk factors of kleptomania

The exact cause of kleptomania remains unclear, but research suggests a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors:

• Neurological factors: Imbalances in brain chemicals like dopamine and serotonin may contribute to impulsive behaviors.
• Genetics: A family history of impulse control disorders, OCD, or substance abuse may increase the risk.
• Psychological factors: Trauma, stress, or other mental health conditions, including anxiety and depression, can trigger kleptomaniac tendencies.
• Environmental influences: Exposure to high-stress situations or a history of compulsive behavior can contribute to the development of kleptomania.

How does kleptomania impact daily life?

Kleptomania can have severe consequences, affecting relationships, work, and legal standing. Many individuals struggle with shame and isolation, fearing judgment or punishment. The disorder can also co-occur with substance abuse, eating disorders, or depression, further complicating treatment and recovery.

The emotional toll of kleptomania often results in anxiety, low self-esteem, and difficulty maintaining personal and professional relationships. Without proper intervention, these struggles can lead to serious legal and psychological consequences.

How is kleptomania diagnosed?

Since kleptomania is often underdiagnosed due to shame and secrecy, seeking help is a crucial step toward recovery. Mental health professionals diagnose kleptomania through psychological evaluations and DSM-5 criteria, assessing a person’s impulsive behaviors and emotional responses. Remember: Kleptomania is a real and treatable mental health disorder, not simply a habit or moral failing. 

How is kleptomania treated?

Although there is no single cure for kleptomania, recognizing the signs and seeking help early can prevent further emotional and legal consequences. Here are several effective treatments that can help manage the mental health condition:

• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): Helps individuals recognize triggers and develop healthier coping strategies. 
• Medication: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and other medications may help regulate impulse control.
• Support groups and therapy: Connecting with others who understand the condition can provide emotional support. If you or a loved one struggles with kleptomaniac behaviors, consulting a mental health professional is essential.

Kleptomania is a real and treatable mental health disorder, not simply a habit or moral failing. By understanding its symptoms, causes, and available treatments, individuals can seek help and regain control over their impulses. Seeking therapy, joining support groups, and using behavioral strategies can lead to long-term management and a healthier life.

How Charlie Health can help

If impulsive behavior or compulsive stealing is affecting your mental health, Charlie Health is here to help. Charlie Health’s virtual Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP) provides mental health treatment for people dealing with serious mental health conditions, including anxiety, substance use disorder, borderline personality disorder, and other personality disorders. Our expert clinicians incorporate evidence-based therapies into individual counseling, family therapy, and group sessions. With this kind of holistic online therapy, managing your mental health is possible. Fill out the form below or give us a call to start healing today.