Anxiety BIPOC Resources Client Resources Covid-19 Depression Eating Disorders Family Therapy In Their Words IOP LGBTQIA+ Resources Mental Health Mindfulness & Wellness Neurodivergence News Parenting Personality Disorders Psychiatry Recruiting Relationships School Self-Care Self-Harm Social Media Stress Substance Use Disorder Resources Suicide Awareness Therapy Trauma

The Library

Stay up to date on mental health research, wellness techniques, treatment services, and more

Trauma

What Is the Best Sexual Trauma Therapy for Survivors?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

Read more

Patient talking to their therapist

Personality Disorders

The Long-Term Effects of Narcissistic Abuse

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Amanda Lundberg

Read more

An individual wearing a grey hoodie is experiencing narcissistic abuse. He sits alone on the floor with his back to the wall

Personality Disorders

Things Narcissists Say In An Argument (& What They Really Mean)

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

Read more

A person in a green long sleeve shirt sits on a bed looking into the distance after an argument with her friend who is a narcissist.

The Latest

We couldn’t find what you’re looking for.

Feeling Low for a Long Time? It Might Be Dysthymia, Not Just Depression

May 19, 2025

Blurry image of a man holding his head in distress, conveying intense emotional pain or mental fog commonly associated with major depressive episodes.

Is It Just Sadness, or Could It Be Depression?

May 15, 2025

Teenager sitting on a couch with a withdrawn expression, wearing a hooded sweatshirt, suggesting emotional discomfort or early signs of depression.

What Dysthymia Looks Like, According to Therapists

May 15, 2025

Man wearing glasses, resting his forehead on his hand with a blurred overlay, symbolizing the ongoing mental exhaustion and fog often experienced with chronic depression.

A mother and daughter sit on a couch looking away from each other; the mother has her arms crossed and the daughter is resting her head on her hand. The two face challenges in their relationship since the mother has narcissistic personality disorder (NPD).

10 Symptoms of Daughters of Narcissistic Mothers

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young woman sits on her couch visibly upset. Her partner is sitting with her. She is in need of therapy that will actually help her heal from narcissistic abuse.

Therapy That Will Actually Help You Heal From Narcissistic Abuse

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ashley Laderer

A young woman needs a guide for how to detach from someone.

A Guide for How to Detach From Someone

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A female young adult in a green sweater and white shirt sitting outside on the grass. She is using somatic exercises to improve her mental health.

Try These Somatic Exercises to Improve Your Mental Health

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

A young woman is using 5 vagus nerve exercises to help chill her out.

5 Vagus Nerve Exercises to Help You Chill Out

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Someone coping with BPD sits smiling hand-in-hand with their Favorite Person.

What It Means to Have a BPD Favorite Person

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

A female teenager sits at home on the couch. Her mother is yelling at her, and she has PTSD from narcissistic abuse.

Wait, Can You Get PTSD From Narcissistic Abuse?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ashley Laderer

A young man is showing signs of passive suicidal ideation.

Here’s What Passive Suicidal Ideation Actually Looks Like

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

A woman looking into the camera trying to smile

Is Fawning a Trauma Response? What You Need to Know

Written By: Dr. Caroline Fenkel, DSW, LCSW

Someone wearing headphones smiles while looking at their computer screen during an intensive outpatient program.

IOP for Anxiety: How Intensive Outpatient Programs Treat Anxiety Disorders

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Woman wearing headphones with eyes closed on a plane, appearing relaxed—suggesting the calming effects of flight anxiety medication.

Considering Flight Anxiety Medication? Read This

Courtney Way is a Creative Arts Therapist at Charlie Health.

Clinically Reviewed By: Courtney Way

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Young adult woman taking her Propranolol

Considering Propranolol for Anxiety? Read This

Bree Williams is a Group Facilitator at Charlie Health.

Clinically Reviewed By: Bree Williams

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Person who is sitting in their room, too afraid to experience life for fear of death.

Your Death Anxiety Could Be Thanatophobia

Brooke Cortez is a therapist at Charlie Health.

Clinically Reviewed By: Brooke Cortez

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Boy upset and noticing feelings of decreased appetite, excessive worrying, and poor sleep.

Use Our Therapist-Approved Childhood Anxiety Symptoms Checklist

Nicole Lonano is a Group Facilitator at Charlie Health.

Clinically Reviewed By: Nicole Lonano

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Young woman battling her anxiety using alcohol

The Link Between Alcohol and Anxiety—and How to Cope

Jordanne Greenberg is a clinical provider at Charlie Health.

Clinically Reviewed By: Jordanne Greenberg

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Exhausted frustrated young woman sit on couch at home hugging head due to pain panic attack feeling overwhelmed with her drinking problem.

The Link Between Alcohol and Panic Attacks—and How to Cope

Clinically Reviewed By: Rebecca Holland

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Here’s How Exposure Therapy for Social Anxiety Works

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Sarah Fielding

Your Philosophizing Could Be Existential OCD

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

Here’s What Actually Causes OCD to Get Worse—And Why

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

A father learned how to help his teen that is living with anxiety.

How to Help Your Teen Living With Anxiety

Clinically Reviewed By: Clary Figueroa

Written By: Sarah Fielding

A young woman sits on a couch struggling with a phobia of growing up

Yes, Some Teens Have a Fear of Growing Up — Here’s How to Deal

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Britt Brewer

Psychiatrist talking with her client about anxiety medication

Considering Lamictal for Anxiety? Read This

Written By: Dr. Eli Muhrer, M.D.

A young girl with blonde hair looks into the distance as she grapples with thoughts related to emotional contamination OCD.

Are You Worried About Vibes or Is It Emotional Contamination OCD?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ethan Cohen BSN, RN

A new mom is having signs of postpartum anxiety.

Signs of Postpartum Anxiety That You Should Know

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

Someone struggling with false memory OCD stares off into the distance.

OCD False Memories May Be Why You Doubt the Past

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ethan Cohen BSN, RN

A woman with agoraphobia sits in her home

Is It Social Anxiety Disorder or Agoraphobia?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A person with high-functioning anxiety sits at school holding her head.

Is It Nerves or High-Functioning Anxiety?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ethan Cohen BSN, RN

A person sits on a couch and puts her hand on her chest to calm shortness of breath during an anxiety spell.

Is It Shortness of Breath or Anxiety?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A teenager thinks that OCD episodes may be why she feels out of control.

OCD Episodes May Be Why You Feel Out of Control

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ethan Cohen BSN, RN

Parents learn what not to say to their daughter who has OCD.

Here’s What Not to Say to Someone With OCD

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A teen does the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) screener.

What Is the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) Screener?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Elizabeth Kroll

A young woman is using 5 tips to stop a panic attack.

Here’s 5 Tips to Stop a Panic Attack

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A teenage girl is an empath and may have more anxiety.

Yes, Empaths May Have More Anxiety—Here’s How to Cope

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ashley Laderer

A young woman learns what not to say to her friend who has anxiety.

Here’s What Not to Say to Someone With Anxiety

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Eleanor Blaine, a freelance writer at Charlie Health

Written By: Eleanor Blaine

A young man is talking to his mother. He is experiencing violent thoughts that may be harm OCD.

Are Your Violent Thoughts Harm OCD?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Dr. Rasna Kaur Neelam

A young woman is experiencing how alcohol affects anxiety.

Here’s How Alcohol Affects Anxiety

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A teenage boy doesn't know if he has nerves or situational anxiety.

Is It Nerves or Do You Have Situational Anxiety?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah duRivage-Jacobs

Forest when the sun is starting to rise

How to Actually Deal With Your Climate Anxiety

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young woman experiences what existential anxiety really feels like.

Here’s What Existential Anxiety Really Feels Like

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah Fielding

A young woman sits in bed. She has not been feeling like herself, and is figuring out if she has somatic symptom disorder or illness anxiety disorder.

Somatic Symptom Disorder vs Illness Anxiety Disorder: What’s the Difference?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Dr. Rasna Kaur Neelam

Mental Health FAQs

A woman goes to therapy for the stages of psychosis she has been experiencing.

What Are the 5 Stages of Psychosis?

A young woman is overcoming abandonment issues from childhood by doing virtual therapy.

How Do You Overcome Abandonment Issues From Childhood?

A young woman is showing 6 signs she is healing from narcissistic abuse.

What Are the Signs You’re Healing From Narcissistic Abuse?

A couple stands outside talking.

What is Grandiose Narcissism?

A woman has stopped her anxiety shakes and feels relieved.

How Can Stop Anxiety Shakes Immediately?

A young woman is experiencing PTSD-like symptoms from cheating.

Can You Develop PTSD From Cheating?

Couple arguing over one of them cheating

How Can You Get Over Being Cheated On?

A young man wants to know how to break free from a trauma bond with his partner.

How Do You Break Free From a Trauma Bond?

A young man learns 7 strategies for dealing with his narcissistic parent.

How Do You Deal With a Narcissistic Parent?

A young woman is in recovery from codependency, her friends are giving her a hug of support.

Recovery is Possible: 8 Signs You’re Healing From Codependency

Research

Stay informed with the latest insights and evidence-based strategies for enhancing your well-being

Explore Now

Mental Health & Relationships

A family is talking about how to deal with manipulative people.

Here’s How to Deal With Manipulative People

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young man looks out of his window upset. He wants to fix his attachment issues and us using therapist-approved tips to do this.

5 Therapist-Approved Tips for How to Fix Attachment Issues

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah Fielding

Teen and their parent talking about their codependency with them partner

Here’s How to Stop Being Codependent

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah Fielding

Couple in the middle of a fight look away from each other

Yes, Being in a Toxic Relationship Affects Your Mental Health—Here’s What to Do

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young woman sits on her bed after arguing with her partner. Her partner has toxic behaviors that affects their relationship.

How to Stop Being Toxic in Your Relationships

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah duRivage-Jacobs

A woman is overthinking after being cheated on.

Overcoming Betrayal: How to Stop Overthinking After Being Cheated On

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

A young woman experiences narcissistic financial abuse and is learning ways to cope.

Narcissistic Financial Abuse Signs You Should Know (and Ways to Cope)

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

Two siblings are navigating whether they have a sibling rivalry or a toxic relationship.

Do You Have a Sibling Rivalry or a Toxic Sibling?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ethan Cohen BSN, RN

Woman masking her feelings

What is Masking?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young couple struggles with dismissive avoidant attachment in their relationship.

Everything You Need to Know About Dating Someone With Dismissive Avoidant Attachment

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

Man and woman standing tensely by a window, representing emotional manipulation and confusion often experienced in narcissistic gaslighting.

What Narcissistic Gaslighting Looks Like, According to Therapists

Dr. Shanard Clemons, Ed.D, is a high school counselor and Group Facilitator with Charlie Health specializing in treating conditions like depression, anxiety, PTSD, and substance abuse.

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Shanard Clemons

Written By: Sarah Fielding

Partner practicing grey walling in the middle of an argument

A Guide to Grey Rocking in Abusive Relationships

Nicole Lonano is a Group Facilitator at Charlie Health.

Clinically Reviewed By: Nicole Lonano

Written By: Ashley Laderer

Couple struggling as they try and work out their problems due to their disorganized attachment style

What You Should Know About Disorganized Attachment, According to Therapists

Nicole Lonano is a Group Facilitator at Charlie Health.

Clinically Reviewed By: Nicole Lonano

Written By: Sarah Fielding

Woman carrying the housework and child care load and husband acts like he doesn't know how to do these things.

Are Your Repeated Mistakes Actually Weaponized Incompetence?

Chris Hinton is a Charlie Health Group Facilitator.

Clinically Reviewed By: Chris Hinton

Written By: Sarah Fielding

Woman wondering if she is actually in love with her partner or if it's just a result of her attachment

Attachment-Based Therapy Can Help You Build Healthier Relationships

Courtney Way is a Creative Arts Therapist at Charlie Health.

Clinically Reviewed By: Courtney Way

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

Future Faking Is a Relationship Abuse Tactic You Should Know

Clinically Reviewed By: Clary Figueroa

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

Common Signs of An Abusive Relationship, According to Therapists

Clinically Reviewed By: Meghan Jensen

Written By: Sarah Fielding

A man comforts his partner who has bipolar disorder.

What to Know When Dating Someone With Bipolar Disorder

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

A woman wonders how long it takes to get over her ex.

How Long Does It Actually Take to Get Over Your Ex?

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Ashley Laderer

A couple who has experienced relationship OCD has healed from it.

Here’s What Relationship OCD Looks Like (and How to Heal)

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Sarah Fielding

Overcoming Avoidant Attachment Is Possible — Here’s How

Clinically Reviewed By: Meghan Jensen

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A man holds his friends hand who is currently healing from a breakup.

7 Signs You’re Healing From a Breakup

Clinically Reviewed By: Meghan Jensen

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A woman is dealing with the toxic person in her life.

7 Tips for How to Deal With Toxic People in Your Life

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A person dealing with reactive abuse in her relationship crosses her arms as she looks at her partner.

What Is Reactive Abuse?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Alex Bachert, MPH

A young woman realizes friendship breakups really hurt and is wanting to learn how to heal.

Yes, Friendship Breakups Really Hurt—Here’s How to Heal

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young couple doesn't know if they are experiencing infatuation or obsessive love disorder.

Is It Infatuation or Obsessive Love Disorder?

Clinically Reviewed By: Sarah Lyter

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young woman is feeling green with retroactive jealousy and wants to learn how to cope.

Feeling Green With Retroactive Jealousy? Here’s How to Cope

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young woman needs a guide for how to detach from someone.

A Guide for How to Detach From Someone

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A couple, one is on the back of another, who are in love, not limerence.

Are You in Love or Is It Limerence?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A young couple doesn't know if they are in love or if it is a trauma bond.

Are You in Love or Is It a Trauma Bond?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Charlie Health Editorial Team

A teenager is having conflict avoidance and wants to know what it looks like and what to do about it.

Here’s What Conflict Avoidance Looks Like (and What to Do About It)

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah Fielding

A young woman is having relationship issues due to attachment trauma.

Is Attachment Trauma Causing Your Relationship Issues?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah Fielding

A young couple walks away from the train. They are experiencing separation anxiety in their relationship and are interested in ways to cope.

What Separation Anxiety in Relationships Looks Like (and How to Cope)

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah Fielding

A young teenager sits with her friend. She is hyperfixating on her friend.

6 Tips to Stop Hyperfixating on a Person

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Dr. Rasna Kaur Neelam

A young couple sit on their couch at home. The female realizes her partner gaslights her in their relationship.

What Gaslighting in a Relationship Actually Looks Like

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah duRivage-Jacobs

A young woman and man argue at home. Stonewalling could be hurting their relationship.

Stonewalling Could Be Hurting Your Relationship

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ashley Laderer

A chosen family of three teen friends sit together smiling

Why Chosen Family Is Important During the Holidays (and Year Round)

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Ashley Laderer

A young woman sits on the couch, away from her boyfriend. She is in an abusive relationship and is feeling like it is so hard to leave.

Why Are Abusive Relationships So Hard to Leave?

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah duRivage-Jacobs

A young woman sits at her home. She is a survivor of intimate partner violence and it has affected her mental health.

Here’s How Intimate Partner Violence Impacts Survivors’ Mental Health

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah duRivage-Jacobs

A young woman in an orange sweater hugs her partner in a yellow shirt. She is dating someone with depression and uses tips to help her partner.

Dating Someone With Depression? Here’s Tips for How to Help Your Partner

Clinically Reviewed By: Dr. Don Gasparini

Written By: Sarah duRivage-Jacobs

Quizzes & Guides

Engage with interactive content designed to help you assess your health and navigate your journey to a healthier lifestyle

Explore Now

Connect with the Charlie Health community

Receive weekly updates on the latest mental health research, insights, and resources from the Charlie Health Library.

You can unsubscribe anytime.

Ready to get started with Charlie Health?

Get Started 1 (986) 206-0414